That's really the government's fault more so than the contractor's.
At various stages in the project, the work should be inspected. If the work is not up to the standards specified in the Invitation to Bid (or whatever the equivalent is in Illinois), then the contractor shouldn't be paid. Likewise, if the standards specified in the ITB are inadequate, or if they do not contain warranty or performance bond requirements, that is the government's fault.
If the government uses a lowest-bidder system without a minimum acceptable bid, and it has established the precedent of being willing to pay for shoddy work, then shoddy work is what they're going to get.
In New York, the biggest problem with road work is that it takes forever. I remember that it took them something like seven years to replace the Exit 30 ramp on the LIE some years ago. Closer to where I live now, it took more than a year to sandblast, re-paint, and re-surface a little trestle bridge of maybe 60 feet in length. Everything moves in slow motion when it comes to road work.
The quality, however, is usually very good. Most roads around here are on a ten-year re-paving cycle, and they hold up pretty well. They really don't look all that bad at the end of ten years despite the harsh winters, the salt, and the popularity of studded tires in the winter. Even the major roads downstate are usually in pretty good shape. (City streets, not so much; but the city does most of its own road maintenance on local streets.)
What it comes down to is that a lowest-bidder system needs safeguards in the form of well-crafted specifications, payment milestones with inspections before payments are made, and some combination of minimum acceptable bids, exclusions of companies that have performed poorly in the past, preferences for companies that have performed well in the past, and performance bonds. If those safeguards are not in place, then what you're going to get is shoddy work.
Rich