I happen to love the F-35 (but I'm biased) and also think Elon Musk is a fascinating individual with no shortness of vision. Drones in an air-to-air centric role are probably inevitable but not in the way he is espousing. At some level in the system architecture there is human interaction. Mr. Musk's assertion that "the jet fighter era has passed" is fundamentally false. Jet fighters are machines. Nothing more. It sits on the ground until someone interacts with it in some way. A drone is an attack or fighter or refueling platform that has had its human interaction moved to a separate level of the system. So, jet fighters won't go away, they will simply change. Nothing new there.
I have 5 concerns with Mr. Musk's proposal, and none of them are pilot centric.
1) His statement is illustrative of a general (and common) ignorance as to the CHARACTER of warfare vs the NATURE of warfare within society.
2) While removing the human from within the machine certainly solves problems it also adds completely new ones. Humans in the machine actually simplify the system as a whole. For example, Mr. Musk is assuming we will have the technology available to support the networks required for such systems after the shooting starts in peer or near-peer conflict; I'm not so sure and I do this for a living.
3) AI isn't there yet. People are working on this and it shows a lot of promise under certain circumstances. BUT, we must ask the tough questions about AI when it comes to taking life. Do you want a machine to be able to make that choice? Skynet aside, there are real concerns here and Mr. Musk should be one of the people addressing them.
4) Drones, and those that operate them, present a special challenge under certain aspects of the Law of Armed Conflict. Are drone operators valid military targets? What if they are doing so from Nevada? What if it is just a bunch of IT nerds entering code and hitting enter, thus programming a maneuver response into the system that now poses a threat to a real, human enemy? If we flip the question and put yours truly on the targeting end of the problem then I would unequivocally say yes, I am going to target those nodes of the system. This could potentially lead to unintended escalation by forcing country Red to target the US Mainland when under "normal" circumstances they would be targeting US deployed assets. We haven't seen this to date simply because the enemy we've been employing drones against doesn't possess this capability. Make no mistake, drone facilities are on the target lists of our adversaries.
5) I hate drones, really do. Why? Not because I think fighters are cool or some other childish thing. I hate them because they make killing easier. They simplify the decision cycle that ends with a life ending. As someone who trains to take life everyday I take this seriously. I love drones, really do. Why? Not because I think war is cool or some other childish thing. I love them because they make saving the lives of friends easier. They simplify the decision cycle that ends with a Marine coming home and a bad guy going away. As someone who trains to take life everyday I take this seriously. Mr. Musk is visionary who knows nothing of this.