I have a question for CFIs. How much time do you spend explaining possible failure modes, and the importance of staying cool and flying the airplane?
Many of the older (nay, "crusty") CFIs I flew with did quite a bit of emergency drilling. In my primary training there was at least one "engine failure" every flight after the first few hours. It got to be a joke, but I got good at spotting cabbage and corn fields quickly and going through the loss of power motions. We did a lot of "power losses" on takeoff ("Where you landing if it fails now?", or a power cut at a reasonable safe altitude during takeoff) and some real, practice, aborted takeoffs. And we had the occasional accidental loose door, which was a good learning experience that it was not really an issue. (Grummans ain't got no doors) I think this kind of training is essential.
I think this training served me well in my two in-flight emergencies. One I related here, which involved a spinner failure. Main lesson: fly the airplane, just like I was trained. I had little time to troubleshoot in this case, as the plane was a handful with partial power and lots of vibration. I think I did manage to try the mags while looking for landing options. (It didn't help.) A shaking engine didn't sound like a fuel issue to me, so I didn't touch the fuel, but was prepared o shut it off if needed. I figured I'd swallowed a valve. The second in-flight emergency occurred with my CFII on board, a pilot who trained at the same time I did with the same crusty instructor. We had a complete loss of power returning from an IPC flight. We had the same thoughts simultaneously: trim to best glide, pick a landing spot (we agreed on an open field on the top of a hill within glide range) and then started through the power loss items. Nothing immediately helped, but about 30 seconds after completing the power loss items (mags, fuel tank, fuel pumps, carb heat), the engine roared back to life and we climbed to gain lots of altitude to nurse the plane back to home base, keeping a close tab on landing sites. No definitive cause of power loss was ever found: chalked up to possible carb ice. The main reason for a successful outcome was that we committed to an off-airport landing, safely controlled the aircraft, THEN started troubleshooting in a quick but systematic way. Worst case scenario: we land in the stupid field.
In our low-time pilot accident near our airport (also a likely carb icing encounter) the pilot, for reasons unknown, failed to control the aircraft after a power loss and spun it into an open field that could have been an option for off-airport landing. Everyone was mystified that it happened that way.