IFR in Class G airpace

So basically, say you land in a Class G airport with a Class G ceiling of 14,500 and some inspector on the ground busts you for insufficient cloud clearance, assuming you are so rated and the airplane is so equipped, your retort would be "That flight was IFR."
 
Not really. I would like to do a little cloud surfing (less than minimum VFR cloud clearance) without the hassle of filing IFR or requesting a defined area of airspace from ATC to do this. These high Class G areas are in my backyard. I want to find out what is legal first then I will decide if the risk is acceptable. I fly through one of these areas when I fly direct from KSAW to Mackinac Island.

KSAW direct KMCD is 118.8 miles, about 32 miles of which is in this high Class G airspace. KSAW direct ISQ direct KMCD is 120.4 miles and stays in controlled airspace. What level of risk through 32 miles of uncontrolled airspace is acceptable to you to save 1.6 miles of total distance?
 
KSAW direct KMCD is 118.8 miles, about 32 miles of which is in this high Class G airspace. KSAW direct ISQ direct KMCD is 120.4 miles and stays in controlled airspace. What level of risk through 32 miles of uncontrolled airspace is acceptable to you to save 1.6 miles of total distance?
I think the risk is minimal. You are probably more knowledgeable than I am concerning traffic density in the U.P. but I don't think there is much risk in flying through a small cumulus cloud for fun. I enjoy zipping around or through cumulus clouds when on an IFR flight paln and am trying to determine if I can do this in Class G without one.
 
I would like to do this in VFR conditions but not be restricted to VFR cloud clearance requirements. ATC radio or radar coverage in many parts of the U.P. is nonexistent or spotty. The Class G areas I am referring to are surface to 14,500.

But VFR operations in this high Class G airspace have the same cloud clearance requirements as Class E airspace.
 
But VFR operations in this high Class G airspace have the same cloud clearance requirements as Class E airspace.
I ocassionally file IFR in VMC so why can't I fly under IFR in Class G in VMC for fun?
 
So basically, say you land in a Class G airport with a Class G ceiling of 14,500 and some inspector on the ground busts you for insufficient cloud clearance, assuming you are so rated and the airplane is so equipped, your retort would be "That flight was IFR."

Well, if you complied with all applicable regulations that should end the matter. Did you? Was your cruising altitude a cardinal altitude correct for your direction of flight? Did it comply with minimum IFR altitudes? If an instrument approach was necessary, did you use an instrument approach procedure prescribed in Part 97?

That last one's gonna be a toughie, BTW.
 
I think the risk is minimal.

"Minimal" is more than "none". Accepting some risk to save less than a minute doesn't make much sense to me.

You are probably more knowledgeable than I am concerning traffic density in the U.P. but I don't think there is much risk in flying through a small cumulus cloud for fun. I enjoy zipping around or through cumulus clouds when on an IFR flight paln and am trying to determine if I can do this in Class G without one.

You can. For example, you're cruising VFR generally westbound at 4500 MSL and you see a cloud ahead. You descend to 4000 to punch through it under IFR. Perfectly legal.
 
I ocassionally file IFR in VMC so why can't I fly under IFR in Class G in VMC for fun?

How does flying under IFR in VMC in Class G airspace differ from flying under VFR in VMC in Class G airspace? The only real difference I see is IFR requires cardinal altitudes while VFR requires cardinal altitudes plus 500 feet. The fun level appears the same.
 
"Minimal" is more than "none".
I have some bad news for you. There is no activity that is perfectly safe or without some risk, there are only varying degrees of risk. I accept some risk when I get into my airplane to fly anywhere. I am more concerned about midair collision when flying VFR to KARR under Chicago Class B than if I were to fly through an occasional cumulus in high Class G.

Accepting some risk to save less than a minute doesn't make much sense to me.
I am here to have fun at what I determine to be an acceptable level of risk. I like flying around and through clouds and want to know if and how this can be done in the Class G airspace near where I live. I do not want to violate any FARs even if I feel the risk is minimal, that is why I started this thread.
 
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I have some bad news for you. There is no activity that is perfectly safe or without some risk, there are only varying degrees of risk. I accept some risk when I get into my airplane to fly anywhere. I am more concerned about midair collision when flying VFR to KARR under Chicago Class B than if I were to fly through an occasional cumulus in high Class G.

That is not news to me.

I am here to have fun at what I determine to be an acceptable level of risk. I like flying around and through clouds and want to know if and how this can be done in the Class G airspace near where I live. I try to make an accurate assessment of the risk. I do not want to violate any FARs even if I feel the risk is minimal, that is why I started this thread.

That question has been answered.
 
So I can legally fly VFR to the high Class G airspace and then climb or descend as needed to an appropriate IFR altitude and zip around or through clouds until the end of this airspace albeit at some increased risk of midair collision (which I believe is negligible).
 
KSAW direct KMCD is 118.8 miles, about 32 miles of which is in this high Class G airspace. KSAW direct ISQ direct KMCD is 120.4 miles and stays in controlled airspace. What level of risk through 32 miles of uncontrolled airspace is acceptable to you to save 1.6 miles of total distance?
But that route also increases the distance over water. So now you're trying to balance those two risks. Gary likes going through clouds, and who can blame him!
 
So basically, say you land in a Class G airport with a Class G ceiling of 14,500 and some inspector on the ground busts you for insufficient cloud clearance, assuming you are so rated and the airplane is so equipped, your retort would be "That flight was IFR."
The odds of an FAA Inspector waiting for you at one of the airports under that airspace is awfully small, but if it happens, yes, that's your reply. Of course, that may lead to other questions, but if you dotted your i's and crossed your t's, you should be fine. You should be ready to explain that all your flying in IMC was at/above the minimum IFR altitude per 91.177, and that you did not need an instrument letdown from that MIA down to the airport (I don't believe there are any FAA-approved approaches to airport in such airspace). In addition, you'll need to be able to show (if asked) that you met all the legal requirements for IFR flight, like altimeter/static check, alll required 91.205(d) instruments and equipment, 61.57 IFR currency, etc.
 
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Based on the particular set of actions by that pilot that day and the BS story he created to talk his way out of a violation, I would not derive a general prohibition against instrument flight in 'high G' from that NTSB decision.
Neither would I. But some have read it that way.
 
Based on the particular set of actions by that pilot that day and the BS story he created to talk his way out of a violation, I would not derive a general prohibition against instrument flight in 'high G' from that NTSB decision.
Me, neither. But it gives you a hint of the sort of questions they may ask if something bad happens while you're doing it, and the operative reg will be 91.13, which gives the Administrator considerable latitude, so if you're going to do this, anticipate those questions and make sure you have good answers for them.
 
Link does not work for me.

This was simply underlined for emphasis. Previously in discussions about this, some of the usual suspects interpreted this to mean that there is no IFR in class G at all.
 
This was simply underlined for emphasis. Previously in discussions about this, some of the usual suspects interpreted this to mean that there is no IFR in class G at all.
Then somebody needs to rewrite this FAA publication. I would like to know their justification or reasoning.

Section 3. Class G Airspace
3-3-1. General
Class G airspace (uncontrolled) is that portion of airspace that has not been designated as Class A, Class B, Class C, Class D, or Class E airspace.
3-3-2. VFR Requirements
Rules governing VFR flight have been adopted to assist the pilot in meeting the responsibility to see and avoid other aircraft. Minimum flight visibility and distance from clouds required for VFR flight are contained in 14 CFR Section 91.155.
(See TBL 3-1-1.)

3-3-3. IFR Requirements
a. Title 14 CFR specifies the pilot and aircraft equipment requirements for IFR flight. Pilots are reminded that in addition to altitude or flight level requirements, 14 CFR Section 91.177 includes a requirement to remain at least 1,000 feet (2,000 feet in designated mountainous terrain) above the highest obstacle within a horizontal distance of 4 nautical miles from the course to be flown.
b. IFR Altitudes.
(See TBL 3-3-1.)

http://www.faa.gov/air_traffic/publications/atpubs/aim/aim0303.html
 
Then somebody needs to rewrite this FAA publication. I would like to know their justification or reasoning.

The reasoning is that when the NTSB includes a half-sentence in a appeals decision or if the chief-poobah at the FAA issues a papal edict, what is written in plain-language law becomes obsolete.
 
The reasoning is that when the NTSB includes a half-sentence in a appeals decision or if the chief-poobah at the FAA issues a papal edict, what is written in plain-language law becomes obsolete.
That might be true but it will probably not stop me. I think that is fairly clear that it is legal and I have seen nothing in this thread to convince me otherwise.
 
That might be true but it will probably not stop me. I think that is fairly clear that it is legal and I have seen nothing in this thread to convince me otherwise.

And you would be correct as I understand the regs and case law.
 
Then somebody needs to rewrite this FAA publication. I would like to know their justification or reasoning.
Then read the Murphy decision linked above. They discuss their concerns in detail, and explain why although it appears legal per the IFR and airspace rules, they still believe it is careless/reckless in violation of 14 CFR 91.13(a) to do what Murphy did (launch into the goo where aircraft with IFR clearances into/out of the overlying controlled airspace could be anticipated to be operating).

The question of how something can appear not to violate any specific regulation but still be considered careless/reckless in violation of 91.13 has come up many times in the past, and the NTSB has explained it many times before. As they said in Murphy:

It is well-established that conduct can violate section 91.13(a) even if it does not violate any other regulation. See Administrator v. Jaax, 5 NTSB 1616 (1986)... Administrator v. Russo, NTSB Order No. EA-3800 at 8 (1993) (no underlying violation is necessary to support a 91.9 violation).
...and most telling:

...we note that it would be neither wise nor possible for the FAA to attempt to specifically prohibit every form of conduct that it considered careless.
...which is why the FAA is not going to, and should not, rewrite the publication you cited.
 
That might be true but it will probably not stop me. I think that is fairly clear that it is legal and I have seen nothing in this thread to convince me otherwise.
Let's separate the "its." Flying IFR through the big brown areas without a clearance is not in violation of any specific regulation, and I know of no case in which a pilot was violated for doing so. However, that is not true for all G-spaces, particularly the G-space between the surface of an airport and the overlying controlled airspace which is transited by aircraft making IFR departures and approaches with clearance from ATC to enter/exit that overlying controlled airspace -- that conduct has been deemed careless/reckless in violation of 91.13 even though it does not appear to violate any other specific regulation. Are we all clear on both points?
 
So basically, say you land in a Class G airport with a Class G ceiling of 14,500 and some inspector on the ground busts you for insufficient cloud clearance, assuming you are so rated and the airplane is so equipped, your retort would be "That flight was IFR."

So, the bust would stand unless the ceilng was around 3,000 agl or higher and the visibility was not less than three mile.

Let’s say this airport is out west within the western Designated Mountainous Area (DMA). 91.177 (a) (2) (i) applies. How did the pilot leave the minimum altitude for IFR en route operations without using a standard instrument approach procedure issued under Part 97?
 
Let's separate the "its." Flying IFR through the big brown areas without a clearance is not in violation of any specific regulation, and I know of no case in which a pilot was violated for doing so. However, that is not true for all G-spaces, particularly the G-space between the surface of an airport and the overlying controlled airspace which is transited by aircraft making IFR departures and approaches with clearance from ATC to enter/exit that overlying controlled airspace -- that conduct has been deemed careless/reckless in violation of 91.13 even though it does not appear to violate any other specific regulation. Are we all clear on both points?
It's really about context. If one thinks "it's the FAA!" take a look at the reckless driving statute in your state. Under most, even technically legal conduct that would not be reckless in one context could be considered reckless in another.

The speed limit is 40 on a rural road but there are a group of 8-year olds playing ball in the road. Do you really think that if you zoomed through and were caught, you'd successfully defend a reckless driving charge by claiming that you were under the speed limit? (YMMV)
 
You could argue that it is careless and reckless to fly a single engine plane over the Rockies or Lake Michigan during the winter when a forced landing could be fatal. What criteria are used to determine reckless?
 
You could argue that it is careless and reckless to fly a single engine plane over the Rockies or Lake Michigan during the winter when a forced landing could be fatal. What criteria are used to determine reckless?
Go to the NTSB Opinions and Orders web site and search on cases involving that word. You will find plenty of discussion on that question.
 
(I don't believe there are any FAA-approved approaches to airport in such airspace).

Part 97 SIAPs must be contained within controlled airspace except below 700 feet. There are unusual conditions where a particular proponent's special instrument approach procedure may be wholly in uncontrolled airspace.
 
Part 97 SIAPs must be contained within controlled airspace except below 700 feet. There are unusual conditions where a particular proponent's special instrument approach procedure may be wholly in uncontrolled airspace.
Thanks, Wally. Then I suppose someone with such a "private" approach could have landed legally in IMC in the big brown area, but it would be a rarity.
 
Go to the NTSB Opinions and Orders web site and search on cases involving that word. You will find plenty of discussion on that question.
So no simple test(s) and you need to be a lawyer to understand.
 
Thanks, Wally. Then I suppose someone with such a "private" approach could have landed legally in IMC in the big brown area, but it would be a rarity.

And, keep in mind that a special instrument approach procedure has to approved by the FAA and issued under a Letter of Authorization.
 
So no simple test(s) and you need to be a lawyer to understand.

"The regulations are written in blood."

Or, is it "How many angles can dance on the head of a pin?"

One or the other. I get confused as to which.
 
So no simple test(s) and you need to be a lawyer to understand.
I wouldn't say that. I would say that if you have to ask the question about something you are about to do, you probably shouldn't do it. However, if you want the legally accepted definition of "reckless" in this context, here it is:
Federal Aviation Regulation § 91.9 (14 C.F.R. § 91.9) states: "No person may operate an aircraft in a careless or reckless manner so as to endanger the life or property of another." The term "reckless," as used on § 91.9 has been interpreted to mean "conduct that demonstrates a gross disregard for safety when coupled with the creation of actual danger to life and property ...." Administrator v. Understein, NTSB Order EA-1644 (1981).
Ferguson v. NTSB, 678 F.2d 821 (1982). Note that the section involved has since been renumbered to 91.13, but the rest remains the same.

And, FWIW, the FAA defines the difference between "careless" and "rackless" this way:
FAA Order 2150.3A said:
Reckless conduct means a gross disregard for safety standards or norms for reasonably prudent conduct, considering the certification level of the individual and the type of operation involved.

Careless conduct means a slip, lapse, or mistake that was not intentional or reckless.
 
I wouldn't say that. I would say that if you have to ask the question about something you are about to do, you probably shouldn't do it.
I disagree. I think about (and may question) the legality and safety of every aviation related activity (and many non-aviation activities) that I am about to engage in and I consider that to be prudent. "Hold my beer and watch this" on the other-hand is usually reckless.

However, if you want the legally accepted definition of "reckless" in this context, here it is:
Ferguson v. NTSB, 678 F.2d 821 (1982). Note that the section involved has since been renumbered to 91.13, but the rest remains the same.

And, FWIW, the FAA defines the difference between "careless" and "rackless" this way:
Thanks, more useful but not definitive due to the fact that it is not clear exactly what constitutes "gross disregard" which is subjective.
 
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I disagree. I think about (and may question) the legality and safety of every aviation related activity (and many non-aviation activities) that I am about to engage in and I consider that to be prudent. "Hold my beer and watch this" on the other-hand is usually reckless.
Well, let's put it another way -- if you do feel the need to ask yourself that question and you need a law library to answer it, don't do whatever it is you were contemplating doing.

Thanks, more useful but not definitive due to the fact that it is not clear exactly what constitutes "gross disregard" which is subjective.
There's a ton of case law, not to mention legal dictionaries, where you can discover that. Google will help get you started.
 
Well, let's put it another way -- if you do feel the need to ask yourself that question and you need a law library to answer it, don't do whatever it is you were contemplating doing.

There's a ton of case law, not to mention legal dictionaries, where you can discover that. Google will help get you started.
I still disagree, especially on maters where regulations and legality are being considered. Can you try to be a little less condescending?
 
I still disagree, especially on maters where regulations and legality are being considered. Can you try to be a little less condescending?
Only if you try to do your own research instead of using me as a human Google machine.
 
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