Do actors get paid up front or after filming the movie? What if they croak in the middle of filming?
Depends entirely on the agent, business manager, lawyer for the actor, and the legal/contracts dept of the studio that's financing the movie. There are also provisions in the contracts about lifestyle, illness, etc.
Example - during filming both the Star Trek:TNG & DS9 tv shows and the ST movies, Michael Dorn was forbidden from flying his personal jet airplane. Other contracts (NFL included) may forbid the actor from doing things like skiing during the season.
When an actor in a critical (non-replaceable) role is injured or unavailable, filming may not be able to continue. The studios/financing companies take insurance out just for that reason.
From start to finish, a tv show or movie is very similar to creating a very complex building - there's critical path scheduling based on actor availability, physical locations, weather, transportation, and it keeps going. When something interrupts that critical path, lots of Plan B, Plan C, etc has to happen.
Some actors will take SAG-AFTRA scale (paid either upfront or salary) or a lesser amount than what they normally command and then a "piece of the action on the back-end". The back-end is where lots of money is possible. These are the points (percentage) based on the gross or the net profit. That's the real stickler. Someone like Meryl Streep or Harrison Ford can get a huge upfront paycheck and also points on the back-end. And negotiating based on net or gross is also critical. But actors in this category have completely different contracts. IIRC the break point is $500,000 annual income.
James Garner won a huge settlement many years ago in a suit against the company that produced one of his successful tv series. He claimed his percentage was miniscule because the producers finagled the books to appear that there was almost no net profits - lots of gross but not much net, and his contract was for the net.
Of course those points are only worth it if the movie really takes off. It'll be interesting to see how well Star Wars 7 does at the box office.
SAG-AFTRA freely admits that 95% of all union members make less than $50,000/year.
Also remember that the actor must pay the taxes, agent, the business manager, the lawyer, union dues, etc out of his/her paycheck. When it comes down to it, after paying everything for that $10 Million check, what ends up in the bank is nowhere near $10M.
You think FAA has rules & regs? Go read the variety of contracts and exceptions to almost every line of a contract at the SAG-AFTRA website. Guaranteed to cure your insomnia.
I have friends in the business. The stories, oh the stories....