PilotAlan
Pattern Altitude
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- Sep 26, 2009
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PilotAlan
I'm sure you have. I'm a graveyard patrol cop at heart.The fact that it wasn't for criminal justice purposes is the point in this set of facts, and the keystone of the whole issue - most likely for the agency counsel who reviewed the program before it was ever implemented, as well as in any future hearing if someone ever wasted the time and money to litigate it.
I reject your implications of lack of authority, there is no explicit authority for law enforcement conducting traffic control in most jurisdictions either and I'm sure you have spent as much time out in the rain doing it as I have.
The problem is you have the act and the motive backward.
The act taken determines if it's a detention (was the person told, or would they reasonably have believed, that they were not free to leave?), the follow on is to determine if the detention was for a proper criminal justice purpose.
A detention can be legal or illegal. By your analysis, there would effectively be no illegal detention, if a detention was defined by having a criminal justice purpose.
The larger problem is that there are only two remedies for a civil rights violation.
1 - The person detained has to prove actual damages to prevail in a 1983 action, or
2 - Suppression of evidence illegally obtained, but they have to have been charged with a crime.
The courts have ruled that a rights violation alone, in the absence of actual damages, have no standing to sue.
Effectively, someone whose rights are violated, and who are not injured, do not suffer demonstrable monetary damages, and who have not been charged with a crime, have no standing to take legal action.