If you ever have to use a shotgun in your house you're not really worried about a mess - you're worried about survival. If you're unwilling/unable to do the work to maintain proficiency with a handgun, a shotgun is a good home defense solution.
In a true home defense situation, you and your family should already have retreated to your safe room and called the police, and you are ready to shoot anyone to attempts to breach your restricted perimeter while you await rescue.
If you're planning on doing room-to-room hunting in your house, you should:
Use a submachine gun with good night sights (or a civilian model) and frangible ammo.
Live in a state with Castle doctrine laws. Most states still require you to retreat, even in your home, rather than use deadly force.