The engine is fully apart! So here's what I've found.
1) The bearing are shot. Varying levels of shot, but definitely shot. Now, given how screwed up the oil pump was, it's possible that this occurred during extended cranking and screwing around trying to make it run.
2) The pistons also have a good amount of the friction coating removed, varying degrees of scuffing. Again, could've been a lot of cranking without oil, but it could also be that the bottom end was older. The heads are definitely not highly used, though, and the oil pump looks brand new. This remains a mystery.
3) I need to look closer at the crank for identification. The rods are C3AE which are either Boss 302 or 289 connecting rods, depending. This somewhat makes me wonder if it doesn't have a 289 crank in it. Need to look closer and see.
4) The camshaft definitely has a wear pattern on it. I had a hard time finding anything useful for casting information. I found a couple numbers stamped on it but I have no idea if this cam is aftermarket or some stock version.
5) The timing chain is brand new.
6) Crankshaft looks good
7) Bores look ok. No cross hatching evident as I previously noted. One of them has a single but significant score mark on it towards the bottom.
Obviously I first have to make sure if the crank is a 302 and not a 289 before I consider reusing it, and the machine shop is going to have to tell me whether the block has the potential to get bored to 60 over. Also have to confirm rod length to see if they're reusable. But I have a suspicion that this engine may be a 289. What I'm thinking may have happened is the guy found this block, knowing it was desirable, and then bought the parts to bolt on. It'd fit the rest of the story.