So we have a Secretary of State hanging out in China, a Chinese spy ballon flying over Montana, and secdef decides he’ll just let it fly?
How kind of all of them- including POTUS. We are nothing if not welcoming, right?
Well, first let's look at the capabilities of the balloon.
Is it going to get better imagery than a low-Earth-orbit recon satellite? Probably not, but it'll let a relatively cheap camera get some pretty good images.
Is it going to be able to image a particular area? No, no way to steer.
Odds are that its mission is not imagery. Could be SIGINT, could be COMINT. Still, though, its horizon is limited (compared to a satellite)...and it's not steerable, nor does it have any way to loiter over an area for a given length of time. Once it's known, too, people can just turn off the radios, etc. that it might be wanting collect...and/or we just want to leave running the ones we want to them to THINK we're using. Denial and Deception, the linchpins of counter-space-espionage.
A covert ground station ("tourist") will probably collect more data, and attract far less attention, can operate much longer, and the probable targets won't know they're there. They can rent a plane fly over most places they might want to get a picture of.
Second, there's the physical threat level poised by the balloon itself. It might pop and drop on someone...at which point, the Chinese are going to be looking bad. If we *do* shoot it down, it might STILL drop on someone. Still the Red's fault, but they can say it's ours.
Finally, can we claim some sort of moral high ground here. No...we did the same thing in the '50s....
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_Genetrix
The Russians actually captured some of out balloons and used hardware and film on some of their space programs.
Ron Wanttaja